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06-20-1992 (Planning & Zoning) Agenda Packet DATE POSTED 7-17-92 TIME POSTED 9:00 A.M. AGENDA REGULAR MEETING OF THE PLANNING & ZONING COMMISSION MONDAY, JULY 20 , 1992 6:30 PM. - COUNCIL CHAMBERS WYLIE MUNICIPAL COMPLEX 2000 HIGHWAY 78 NORTH CALL TO ORDER: ORDER OF PAGE BUSINESS REFERENCE BUSINESS 1 . ) Oath of office for Richard Eckman. 2 . ) Election of Chairman and Vice Chairman for the 1992-1993 year . 3 . ) 1-3 Consider approval of minutes of the July 6 , 1992 meeting. 4. ) 4-21 Convene into workshop for the following purposes : 1) View the 40 minute video titled "The role and responsibilities of the planning commissinor" . 2 . ) Central Business District Concept . 3 . ) Planning Commissioner future goals . 5 . ) Reconvene into the Regular Business Meeting . Consider any action relative to the workshop . 6 . ) CITIZEN PARTICIPATION : In accordance with the Open Meetings Act , any Board Commission of the City of Wylie will hear comments of Public interest from residents and pertaining to items within the jurisdiction of the seated Board. Remarks will be limited , to placing the item on a future agenda for consider - action. Remarks must be limited to not more than five (5) minutes . 7 . ) Adjourn. MEMORANDUM • • TO: STEVE NORW00D, CITY MANAGER MAYOR CITY COUNCIL AND STAFF FROM: RICK HERhBERGER, BUILDING ..OFF.LG.IMAt DATE: JULY 14, 1992 SUBJECT: PLANNING VIDEO I have been fortunate in acquiring a MVP Award Winning Video Tape from the American Planning Association, for a two week period, at a cost of only $4.00. This tape has been viewed throughout the United States by Mdyors, Councilmen, P&Z Commissions, StaWand citizens who are dhticipating the preparation of a Comprehensive Master Plan. You are cordially invited to view this very important Video on Monday, July 20 , at 6:30 P.M. , in the Council Chambers. The viewing of this Video will coincide with the P&Z workshop scheduled for that evening and will last 40 minutes. Feel free to bring any citizen with you, as their understanding of a comprehensive Plan is of vital importance. MINUTES PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION CITY OF WYLIE MONDAY, JULY 6, 1992 The City of Wylie Planning and Zonina Commission met in regular session at 6: 30 PM. Monday , June 6 . 1992 in the Council Chambers of the Municipal Complex. A quorum was present and a notice was posted in the time and manner required by law. Those present were Gilbert Welch, Mike Hawkins , Cleo Adams ,Billy Mills , Bart Peddicord and Bobby Jennings . Staff members present were Building Official ; Rick Herzberger and Secretary: Nita Sims . Those absent : Marvin Blakey. OATH OF OFFICE: Notary Public, Nita Sims , swore in the two new members , Bart Peddicord and Bobby Jennings as required by law. All required Oaths were signed by the new members and notarized. ITEM NO. 1 - CONSIDER APPROVAL OF MINUTES OF MAY 18 , 1992 : A motion was made by Cleo Adams and seconded by Billy Mills to approve the minutes as submitted with no additions or corrections . Motion carried, all in favor. ( 6 votes) ITEM NO. 2 - ELECTION OF CHAIRMAN AND VICE CHAIRMAN FOR THE 1992-1993 YEAR: Mike Hawkins nominated Gilbert Welch for Chairman. Bobby Jennings nominated Bart Peddicord for Chairman. A vote was taken on each nomination with a 3 to 3 tie vote. The members will vote during the next regular business meeting when 7 members are present . At that time the Vice Chairman will be elected also. A motion was made to allow Gilbert Welch to continue as Vice Chairman in order to conduct this meeting. Motion carried, all in favor ( 6 Votes) ITEM NO. 3 - YEARLY REVIEW AND FUTURE GOALS BY RICK HERZBERGER: Rick reviewed the last year recommendation and actions by the Planning and Zoning Commission, as outlined in the agenda packet . Rick also presented the staff 's future goals and asked the Planning and Zoning Members to submit their goals for the next year, during the July 20 , 1992 meeting. ITEM NO. 4 - CONDUCT PUBLIC HEARING FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONSIDERING A ZONE CHANGE AND MAP AMENDMENT OF THE FOLLOWING PROPERTY: [Lot 13 , 14,15 of Block 3 of the Brown and Burns Addition (301 N. Ballard) SF-3 to Retail . ] Vice Chairman Welch first explained rules and regulations for a Public Hearing. Vice Chairman Welch then opened the Public Hearing. Rick Herzberger started by reading the names of the property owners who responded to the written notification, 8 letters for the rezoning and 4 against the rezoning of 17 letters mailed. Vice Chairman Welch asked if anyone wished to speak. Citizens that spoke regarding the rezoning: James Parker of 306 North Ballard spoke against the rezoning. Raymond Cooper of 301 Dogwood spoke in favor of the rezoning . Rita Smith of 401 North Ballard spoke against the rezoning. marie Dillehay of 307 North Ballard spoke against the rezoning . Bill Lewis of Birmingham Land and Trust spoke in favor of the zoning change. ITEM NO. 5 - CLOSE PUBLIC HEARING: Vice Chairman Welch closed the Public Hearing . ITEM NO. 6 - CONSIDER RECOMMENDATION TO THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE ZONE CHANGE AND MAP AMENDMENT FOR ZONE CHANGE OF THE FOLLOWING PROPERTY: [ Lots 13 , 14 , 15 of Block 3 of the Brown and Burns Addition (301 N. Ballard) SF-3 to Retail . ] Rick Herzberger gave a staff report which reflected a recommendation to approve the zoning change. Bobby Jennings then made a motion to recommend the zoning change approval to the City Council . Bart Peddicord seconded the motion, 3 to 3 tie vote . Vice Chairman Welch made a suggestion to receive a motion to send the deadlocked recommendation item to the City Council for consideration. Mike Hawkins made a motion and seconded by Bart Peddicord to send the deadlocked recommendation to City Council . Motion carried, all in favor ( 6 votes) . ITEM NO. 7 - CITIZEN PARTICIPATION: None. ITEM NO. 8 - ADJOURN : A motion was made and seconded for adjournment . Meeting adjourned by Vice Chairman Welch. Motion carried. all in favor . ( 6 votes) Respectfully submitted: Robert Flint , Chairman Nita Sims , Secretary 3 MEMORANDUM TO: PLANNING & ZONING COMMISSION FROM: RICK HERZBERGER, BUILDING OFFICIAL SUBJECT: WORKSHOP - JULY 20, AGENDA DATE: July 14, 1992 The workshop will begin with the viewing of an Award Winning Video by the American Planning Association and MVP. The title is "The Role of the Planning Commissioner and details the importance of planned growth and what role the P&Z Commissioner assumes in this growth. This is a very good "Primer" for the Comprehensive Plan and I have invited the City Council and Staff to this viewing - 40 minute video. Following the Video, I hope to spend some time on the Central Business District Concept, as I have submitted in the Agenda two sample CBD districts for your review - City of Forney and City of Allen. Please take the time to drive the downtown area as mentioned in the Comprehensive Plan (South of Brown, North of Butler between Jackson and First Street) as this may assist you in recommending the Downtown perimeter location vs. possible non-compatible uses. And last, feel free to suggest (Discuss and Deliberate only) any Planning and Zoning concerns that you would like the Commission to consider after reconvening into the regular business meeting. As this will be my last P&Z Meeting, I would like to thank each of you for supporting my attempts in improving the professionalism and visibility of the P & Z Commission. Please feel free to call me any time in Rowlett at 475-3841. Li PRELIMINARY STAFF ASSESSMENT OF DOWNTOWN AREA "ZONING IN ACCORDANCE WITH A COMPREHENSIVE PLAN" By Rick Herzberger I . Reasons For Needed Changes : A. Increase in occupancy changes - 6/91 to present, 12 occupancy applications ( 1 every month) . Very difficult to adopt the B-2 uses to the building arrangements and still stay compatible with the Building and Fire Codes. B. The downtown area (east and west sides of Ballard Ave. from Jefferson St. south to Butler St. ) . Consists of older structures with unknown fire protection requirements, electric service loads, and plumbing arrangements that warrants the need to restrict the type of uses allowed. Also, provisions for adequate light and air have already been reduced due to no building separations. C. Provisions for transportation and non-congestion in the streets have also been reduced due to the character of the downtown area. Reduced parking conflicts with the Zoning Ordinance. Note : The above evaluations are all reflective of cities that have designated downtown areas. D. The 1980 Comprehensive Plan Report, adopted June 1981 , mentions the following main criteria needed to comply with the above title statement (downtown area in this report is south of Brown St. and north of Butler St. between Jackson Ave. and First St. ) : 1 ) Preserve the integrity and character of the City' s downtown area. 2) Downtown area to be comprised of day to day services and specialty shops. 3) Minor expansion of retail services along Jackson and First Streets but with due consideration of existing quality homes as well as the need to improve the Jackson and First Streets to meet this expansion. 4) Due to the high expenditure and non-aesthetic displacement of many of the residential homes in this area, it is considered that principle retailing activities will be located on each side of Ballard. The only suggested retail expansion would be northward to Brown St. and east and west along Hwy. 78, south of the railroad. 5) Downtown parking use needs to be expanded to allow for proper vehicle circulation in order to maintain the integrity of the desired walk through traffic. 6) Suggestion to not allow any major commercial activities within this downtown area. 7) Improvements made on continuous basis to the streetscape, while maintaining private property in a standard acceptable to the community. 8) The Final Comprehensive Plan policy indicates various improvements such as a building front treatment plan, traffic signalization, removal of overhead utilities, and the creation of an effective downtown merchants ' association. E. Due to the continued effort by the Birmingham Land Board to secure some , type of applicable zoning (4 unsuccessful attempts ) . The north end of Jefferson St. zoning needs attention. 5th zone change application filed on May 20, 1992 for SF-3 - Retail . II . Existing Zone District (B-2) Compared to a More Restricted Zoning (Retail ) - Semi-cumulative Zoning Ordinance (Wylie) A. Business District-2 (B-2) 1 ) Definition - A use which requires considerable space for display, sales or open storage, or by the nature of the use, is not compatible with uses in the B-1 district or Retail District. B-2 Zoning is intended to allow uses which are not generally carried on within a building or structure with an expanded range of services and repair uses. 2) District uses - All uses in Retail and B-1 district with an additional 26 uses plus one additional specific use. Total combined allowed uses is 94. 3) Comprehensive Plan designates this district to be a buffer between B-1 and Industrial Zoning Districts. B. Retail District (R) 1 ) Definition - Designed to permit a compatible relationship between the retail development and adjacent residential areas. This district is intended for neighborhood shopping facilities which provide limited business service and office facilities predominantly for the convenience of residents of the community. 2) District uses - Retail only with 53 uses and 8 specific uses. 3) Comprehensive Plan designates this district to have no outside sales except an occasional sidewalk sale. Also, uses in this district cannot be objectionable because of odor, excessive light, smoke, dust, noise, vibration or similar nuisance. This district is intended to be a buffer between Commercial /Retail uses and residential uses. C. Land use comparisons to Zoning (amount of non- conforming uses ) . 1 ) B-2 Zoning - Johnston' s Building and 10 SF residences. 2) Retail Zoning (proposed) - Johnston Bldg. , one second hand clothes store, Northside Grocery with gas sales (questionable due to no use definition) , Feed Store and 10 SF residences. If Retail Zone extended to Brown, 14 additional SF residences. 3) B-2 Zoning District uses that could pose a potential fire or health hazard due to the particular downtown building arrangements and adjacent Residential area: - Service Station or Lube Center - Feed Store - Auto, Glass or Muffler Shop - Auto Sales or Motorcycle Sales Lot - Pest Control Business - Utility Shop - Animal Clinic or Kennel with outside runs - Tool & Trailer Rental (outside storage) - Auto Painting or Body Shop - Mobile Home Sales - Truck Parking Lot - Dry Cleaning Plant - Engine or Motor Repair - Machine or Welding Shop - Contractor Yard (plumbing, heating and a/c) - Bowling Alley - Mini Warehouse - Animal Pound - public or private ( specific use) - Machinery Sales - Plant Nursery or Greenhouse 7 III . Zoning Alternatives to the Comparison Made in Downtown Area Outline # I1 (existing Zoning Districts as well as new district concepts ) . A. Professional Office District - Ordained on June 26, 1990. 1 ) Use this district to define areas with very limited retail uses ( 10 uses total ) . Wylie ordinance is very vague and non-applicable to any one area in the City, without becoming subject to spot zoning. This district use can only be applied to the Wylie downtown area pending B-2 to Retail Zone amendment. 2) Three other area cities surveyed, per Professional Office District, describe the intent of this district as established ' primarily for professional , management, research and other similar offices outside of a Central Business district, in both the intermediate and . outlying areas. Three "office" districts may not create excessive traffic or noise and can be located next to residential areas if properly buffered. Plano, Rockwall and Forney have used these districts to apply to older residential neighborhoods, adjacent to Retail Districts, which are experiencing a slow transition period from Residential to Retail (example: older home renovated to office space) . All surveyed cities have very detailed requirements for this district and statements that the Comprehensive Plan must be followed. B. Central Business District (CBD) 1 ) This type of district could apply to the Wylie downtown area as described in the 1980 Comprehensive Plan, excluding Jefferson St. north to Brown St. The Birmingham House could be zoned as CBD if a Comprehensive Zoning Map amendment was approved. Even a Professional Office District use for the Birmingham House would be appropriate as a planned buffer between a restrictive Retail District (CBD) and a Residential area. 2) A properly planned BD would be designed to accommodate the existing Business District in the central area of Wylie, described as the downtown area in the Comprehensive Plan. Provisions are also established to protect the unique character and space limitations in this zone. Most Retail uses are allowed with exceptions for limited off-street parking and high floor area ratios. Provisions for sidewalk sales and street dances, as well as remodeling attempts are also included in this district . Very applicable to Wylie, but the Zoning Ordinance must be amended to allow this district. Suggestion to wait on Comprehensive Plan 1992-1993. IV. Suggested Plan for Downtown Area in Lieu of the Above Observations. A. Zone according to the existing Comprehensive Plan which requires some type of limited Retail District. A new Central Business District concept could be induced into the forthcoming Comprehensive Plan or this district could be added much the same as the Professional Office District was established in 1990, without waiting on the 1992-1993 Comprehensive Plan. In addition, the buffer area for CBD to Residential could be the Professional Office District, as this would accommodate the Birmingham House. If the Professional Office District is used, I suggest amending this Ordinance to provide for a more detailed district description. B. Due to the recent history of at least a 20% protest of the applicable property owners concerning the downtown Retail /Commercial expansion, I suggest a moratorium on future downtown zoning applications. This brief moratorium can only be imposed by the City Council as a legislative body decision to allow the P & Z to conduct a comprehensive research of the appropriate downtown zoning district. This would not deny the Birmingham Land Board any constitutional right, since the hardship or special condition was created by the Board and not by the City' s Comprehensive Zoning Plan Ordinance or Zoning Map. As mentioned before, in all four zoning attempts, the Birmingham Land Board should have initiated a zone change before remodeling the house to accommodate a Retail Use not reflected in the existing SF-3 Zoning District. ORDINANCE NO. 829-11-87 a. No building or structure shall be erected in that portion of any district designated with a Flood Plain "FP" prefix until, and unless, such building or structure has been approved by the City Engineer in accordance with the City of Allen Flood Ordinance , who will ascertain that such building or structure is not subject to damage by flooding and would not constitute an encroachment, hazard or obstacle to the move- ment of flood waters and that such construction would not endanger the value and safety of other property or the public health and wel- fare . b. Any dump, excavation, storage, filling or min- ing operation within that portion of a district having a Flood Plain "FP" prefix shall be approved in writing by the City Engineer before such operation is begun. c. An area may be removed from the Flood Plain "FP" prefix designation when by the provision of drainage works, grading, flood protection or specific drainage study, it is determined by • the City Engineer that the flood hazard has been alleviated. Removal of the Flood Plain "FP" prefix shall be accomplished by resolution of the City Council, after written notification from the City Engineer advising of the removal of the flood hazard. d. The fact that land is, or is not, within a district having a Flood Plain "FP" prefix shall not be interpreted as assurance that such land or area is, or is not, subject to periodic' local flooding. 3 .01(AWCBD ENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT REGULATIONS 1. Purpose - The Central Business District recognizes d':li that certain older sections of the Downtown Busi- Lk ness Area were developed without established or minimum building lines and without off-street par • - king. The CBD is provided to accommodate this V� �r 1 ` existing development, encourage compatible future t development, and to provide for mixed uses and shall allow the day-to-day retail service, com- mercial, and housing needs required by the commu- nity. The community shall have only one contiguous Central Business District. It is recognized that certain wood frame structures located within the boundaries of the CBD Zoning District may reflect a significant need for. pre- -89- I0 ORDINANCE NO. 829- 11 -87 . servation in their natural state because of their age and design. The Central Business District is not intended to require the removal or demolition of these structures for redevelopment purposes , but , rather to recognize that conversion of these certain structures will add to the character and viability of the CBD as long as they otherwise comply with all City codes and ordinances. 2 . General Use Classifications - It is the intent of the development of the Central Business District to categorize primary uses into general use classifi- cations . It is also the intent of the Central Business District to not allow Industrial, Heavy Commercial, Manufacturing uses, or the construction - - of Single Family Detached housing. It is further the intent of the Central Business District that Retail, Retail/Service, Commercial, or Multi-family _ uses not be allowed to occur in existing single- family detached dwellings either by principal uses • or incidental uses which exceed the allowable lim- its of the Home Occupation Section of this Ordi- nance without issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy for such new uses. To encourage redevelopment in the CBD, neither existing single-family detached dwellings nor any structure changing use shall be allowed to convert to Retail, Retail/Service Com- mercial or Multi-family uses without meeting the requirements of the Zoning, Subdivision, and Buil- ding Ordinances of the City of Allen. General Use Classifications to encourage development of the Central Business District shall include: I . Retail - Retail goods sold at first hand sat- isfying the everyday needs to general house- holds. Uses allowed are those stated in the Schedule of Uses such as apparel, furniture, • appliances lawn mowers and garden tools , jew- elry, toys, and pharmaceutical needs. • II . Retail/Service - Retail/Service uses shall include public required services as well as v - J service and repairs associated with a related • } product incidental to the allowable retail • ' uses . Uses allowed are those stated in the Schedule of Uses such as barber and beauty shops , shoe repairs, small equipment and tool rentals (no trucks or trailers) , eating esta- blishments to serve the needs of the Central Business District (no drive-in service) , TV and , .4 appliance repairs, business offices, medical facilities , and small animal clinics (no out- side runs) . f•- J 1 -90- I ( y ' ORDINANCE NO. 829-11-81 III . Commercial - Commercial uses shall include those uses stated in the Schedule of Uses such as retail warehousing, contractor shops enclosed) , light assembly, parking lots , public parking garages , tool and equip- ment rental centers and public buildings and structures . IV. Residential - Allowable residential tuuses in ose stated theCentral Business District shall in the Schedule of Uses such as hotels, motels, condominiums, single family attached dwellings, and multi-family development. Maximum densi- ties allowed for standard multi-family rental units shall not exceed twenty-four ( 24) units per acre. Schedule of Uses - General use classifications located under the CBD column linithe Schlduletof f Uses , categorizes unde All other • classification of primary uses. symbols within this column on hold pagethe 30s_of thee mean- ing as those Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance. 3 . Height and Area Regulations a. No structure may exceed forty-five ( 45) feet in height in the Central Business District unless one ( 1 ) foot of the front yard building line is established fo forty-five ( 45)f ofoot feetallowedt exceeded over the4 b. The development in the Central Business Dis- trict will not require minimum or maximum lot coverage or building lines except to satisfy ingress and egress, needs for fire protection, s, off-street parking adesloading utility facilities,ltand allowable outdoor and display. c. Accessory buildings shall be limited to one (1) accessory building per use and located separate and no closer than fifteen ( 15) feet to the main building. d. Existing single family detached dwellings may continue in this district and be allowed to expand to the building line requirement tnremenset et forth in the single family districts "R-5" regulations. -91- ORDINANCE NO. 829-11-87 �,. 4 . Allowable On-street Parking - With the exception of those located on existing or future major tho- roughfares , retail and service uses existing or developed on dedicated city streets of eighty ( 80) feet of right-of-way or greater , may improve streets along the frontage of their property to - - City standards to include on-street parking and 1 1 such spaces shall be allowed to be used to satisfy a portion of the required off-street parking spaces for each development. On-street parking spaces allowed may not be used for employee parking, vehicle storage, or loading and unloading facili- - ties . Off-street Parking Required uired - Section 3 .03 , Vehicle Parking of the Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance shall provide parking requirements for the Central ' Business District. Uses and structures not located on streets with a right-of-way of eighty ( 80 ) feet or greater or those located on existing or pro- jected major thoroughfares shall be required 'to maintain total off-street parking in accordance with Section 3 . 03 of the Comprehensive Zoning - Ordinance. 5. Site Plan Approval - Approval of a Site Plan shall - be required for all development in the Central Business District. Section 2.09 , Site Plan Approval, of this Ordinance shall apply as required procedures to development within the Central Business District. 6. Performance Standards a. Noise levels shall not exceed the outer walls _ of the occupancy in any development allowed in _ I , II , III , of the General Use Classifications. b. Outside storage is allowed only with develop- r ' ment in II and III of the General Use Classi- fications. Such outside storage associated with these areas shall be limited to rear yard area only and must be protected from view by a proper screening. c . Outdoor display shall be limited to the devel- opment allowed in I , II , and III of the General Use Classifications. Outdoor display associ- ated with the uses in these categories shall require a minimum of a twenty ( 20) foot front yard building line for such display purposes and display of products may not cover more than thirty ( 30 ) per cent of such front yard area. -92- y I 3 ORDINANCE NO. 829-11-87 f. d. Proper screening shall be required between any residential development and any other allowable use within the Central Business District. Such screening proposals shall be in accordance with Section 3 . 06 of this Ordinance. 7. Building Regulations • a. All buildings including allowable accessory buildings in the Central Business District shall be constructed of fire resistant con- struction materials and all exterior walls (with exclusion of doors and windows) shall be required to be constructed of tile, brick, stone, or other similar masonry type materials. b. Exceptions 041 ( 1 ) Expansion of existing single family ► • detached dwellings may be constructed of the same materials as previously employed in such structures. Any other exception to these construction requirements shall be allowed only by special exception granted by the Zoning Board of Adjustment as ( ;: allowed under Section 4. 043-B5 of the Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance. ( 2) The Zoning Board of Adjustment as author- ized under Section 4 . 04 of the Comprehen- sive Zoning Ordinance shall have the power to authorize, upon appeal, variance from the terms of this Ordinance where a sig- 4 nificant need for preservation based on age and design is demonstrated. 3.02 HEIGHT'S AND AREA EXCEPTIONS - The following exceptions and spee' al regulations of height and areas of/ yards shall app ' n all applicable districts: / 11 1 . Height: a. In the dint ' cts where the hers t of buildings is restricted'- • two 2) , = o and one-half (2-W 1 or thr - ( 3 ) sto es, cooling towers, roof gables, chi •eys .nd vent stacks may extend for an addi ' ' . al height not to exceed forty 1 ) feet abov- t -e - - _ • ade line of the building. -ter s . •nd pipes a • nk, church steeples domes and pires and school build ngs - - ' tional buildings may be erected to -xceed three ( 3 -s in height, provide• that one ( 1) additional oo - hall be adde. o the width and depth of frd , side and -93- I61 SECTION XIV: .(CBD) CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT �' `4' ck-f A. PURPOSE 1 . The (CBD) Central Business District is established to accomodate the existing business district in the central area of the City of Forney, and to protect the character of the district. These unique characteristics of this existing district and its space limitations are recognized in this zone. 2. The use of this district :: Mould be limited to those areas currently developed as downtown, as defined in this section. Nearby areas that do not have additional on-street parking, or have sufficient room for off-street parking, or that can meet the requirements of the General Retail District should be zoned General Retail District, meeting the additional area requirements. 3. Existing uses that comprise. a part of the Central Business District require less area and off-street parking requirements due to the properties having high floor area ratio, with little additional land for landscaping, off-street parking and setback. B. PERMITTED USES 1 . Generally recognized retail businesses which supply commodities on the premises, such as groceries, meats, dairy products, clothing and notions, baked goods, hardware and similar uses. 2. Personal services business which perform services on the premises such as: repair shops (watches, radios, T. V. , shoes, etc. ) , tailor shops, photographic studios and similar uses, but not including auto repair shops and services. 3. Small job printing and newspaper printing shops, dry cleaning establishments or pickup stations. Dry cleaning plants servicing more than one retail outlet are not permitted. • 4. Personal services including the following: outpatient medical clinics, offices of physicians, dentists, osteopaths, and similar or allied uses. 5. Office buildings for professional occupations including: administrative, legal, accounting, writing, clerical, architect, drafting, real estate and associated accessory uses. 6. Institutional uses as defined herein. 7. Theatres, auditoriums, or other similar entertainment facilities. 64 8. Restaurants , excluding private clubs for the sale of alcoholic beverages. 9. Municipally owned or controlled facilities, utilities, and u a S. 10. Funeral homes. 11 . Banks and related financial institutions. 12. Hotels and motels. 13. Paved parking lots, including commercial parking lots. 14. Building and related trades: furniture stores, furniture upholstering and similar enterprises. 15. Accessory warehousing of goods and materials that are used in the operation of and are for retail sale on the site of any use permitted in this district. 16. An accessory use customarily related to a principal use authorized in this district. 17. Temporary concrete batch plant limited to the period of construction upon the approval of the Forney City Council with the recommendation of the City of Forney Building Official. 18. Temporary on site construction offices limited to the period of construction and approved by the City of Forney Building Official.. C. CONDITIONAL USES (Require Use Permits - See Section XXXI) 1 . Self service laundries. 2. Automotive repair garages. 3. Semi-public uses as defined herein. 11. Drive-in businesses that require a driveway approach or parking spaces for motor vehicles to serve patrons while in motor vehicles, including drive-in restaurants. 5. Any structure which exceeds sixty (60) feet in height. 6. Building material yards for retail sales only, but including incidental millwork, carting, express and hauling, provided that: (1 ) all buildings shall be at least 100 feet distance from any residential district, with loading and yard activities be at least 200 feet from any residential district. 7. Commercial laundry plant. 8. Building with exterior facing with less than 100% combustible materials, or structural construction materials or a combustible nature. 65 .D. PROHIBITED USES 1 . Any building erected or land used for other than one or more of the preceding specified uses. 2. Any use of property that does not meet the required minimum lot size, front, side and rear yard dimensions, and/or lot width; or exceeds the maximum height, building coverage, or density per gross acre as required. 3. The storage, sale, lease or rental of boats, mobile homes, or trailers is prohibited. I . In the interest of clarity, the following heavy commercial uses are specifically noted as non-permitted: Warehousing of any type, trucking or motor freight stations or terminals, heavy millwork, processing and fabrication of pre manufactured parts or material stuffs, contractors shop and storage yard, heavy machinery sales and storage, petroleum products storage-wholesale sand and gravel sales and storage and any other similar heavy commercial use business. • 5. Facilities for railroads or those utilities holding a franchise under the City of Forney. E. REQUIRED CONDITIONS 1 . All business establishments other than those selling a service shall be retail service establishments, dealing directly with customers. All goods produced on the premises shall be sold on premises where produced. 2. All businesses servicing or processing shall be conducted within a completely enclosed building (except for off-street parking or loading and incidental display of retail items for sale) . The Forney City Council may authorize under a Special Permit certain days for: a. sidewalk sales b. street dances or certain days for celebrations or other specifically authorized events in this district. 3. Any owner, builder or developer of a tract or parcel of land fronting on or adjacent to a roadway designated by the Forney City Council as a principal roadway, which includes within the designated Central Business District FM 740, Old U. S. Highway 80 (FM 468) , Interstate 20, shall submit, prior to issuance of a building permit, to the Forney City Council, or its designated representative, a site and building plan for the proposed development. The contents of this site and building plan shall comply with the requirements in Section XXVIII. Upon approval, such developments shall comply with the approved site plan. 4. Processes and equipment employed and goods processed or sold within this district, shall be limited to those which are not objectionable by reason of' odor, dust, smoke, cinders, gas fumes, noise, vibration, refuse matter or water carried waste, and must comply with all other 66 ( 7 applicable Forney City Codes. F. AREA AND OTHER REQUIREMENTS 1 . Minimum site frontage on a public street - 25 feet 2. Minimum width of side setback: a. With fire retardant wall - 0 feet b. Without fire retardant wall - 15 feet • c. Abutting residentially zoned property - 20 feet d. Abutting a street - 15 feet 3. Minimum depth of rear setback: a. Abutting non-residentially zoned property - with fire retardant wall and alley separating - 0 feet b. Without a fire retardant wall or alley - 20 feet c. Abutting residentially zoned property - 20 feet 4. Minimum distance between detached buildings on the same lot or parcel of land: a. Without fire retardant wall - 15 feet b. With fire retardant wall - 0 feet • 5. Minimum requirement for construction materials: a. Structure - All structural .materials shall consist of 100% non-combustible materials. b. Exterior building facing - each building shall consist of 90% masonry of a, finished quality . and/or glass materials as defined herein. 6. Maximum coverage as a percentage of lot area - 100% 7. Maximum floor area ratio - 10: 1 8. Maximum height of building structures - 120 feet. Any structure exceeding 60 feet in height shall require a Conditional Use Permit. If building exceeds 36 feet, the building shall be set back an additional distance of 1 /2 the building height which exceeds 36 feet from any lot line abutting residentially zoned property. In no case shall more than 50 foot setback be required. 9. Minimum number off off-Street Parking spaces required* - See Off-Street Parking, Section XXVI. * Uses in this district requiring less than minimum parking spaces are exempt from Off-Street Parking requirements. 10. Maximum number of entrances and/or exits: a. Arterial Streets - 1 per each 200 feet of street frontage per site b. Collector Streets - 1 per each 100 feet of street frontage per site c. Local Streets - 1 per each 50 feet of street frontage per lot 11 . Sidewalks - A concrete sidewalk, with a minimum width of four (4) feet, shall be provided along the front of the building site, excluding, entrances and exits, and around . 67 • g L. ne pe [ L11 ucr of any UU11U.t.116 z.ct.uctcKs, using sidewalk specifications as provided in the applicable City of Forney ordinance. 12. Signs - See City of Forney Sign Ordinance 13. Building Appearance, Repairs and Maintenance - For new buildings, the developer, builder or owner, is encouraged by the City of Forney to design such structure or structures to be compatible in style and appearance with existing buildings of significant historical architecture within the same block or nearby area. Repairs and maintenance are required to put all buildings in a structurally sound condition, and meet existing fire and electrical codes before any Certificates of Occupancy may be issued. The paint must be in good condition so as to protect the wood or other surfaces from the weather. 14. Building Additions - Additions to existing primary or accessory buildings or the construction of new accessory buildings shall meet existing Building Code requirements. 15. Area and/or Extension of District - Only one (1 ) Central Business District shall exist, with its boundaries being determined by the Forney City Council, with the recommendation of the Planning and Zoning Commission. Any extensions of this district must be bounded bn .one side by the existing CBD boundary. • • 68 • rr I \/ �, Unfortunately, few lawyers have expertise in the field of zoning law and fewer still are acquainted with the content or purpose of a comprehensive plan. For this reason, it is necessary for a municipali- ty to take at least two steps to ensure that its legal assistance for a municipality to look beyond the standard credentials such as bar membership to determine whether an applicant is sufficiently prepared to aid the city in the field of zoning, subdivision regulation law, annexation policy, and other similar subjects. Secondly, a beginning municipal lawyer should be assigned to work with the planning depart- ment and the planning and zoning commissions to educate himself ,with the various aspects of the city's planning program. It is unfair to ask a lawyer to defend the municipality's planning program if he is unfamiliar with it. These observations may seem self-evident to some; however, many cities regrettably assume that any bar member has a com- prehensive knowledge of municipal law and related activities. SELECTED ISSUES IN ZONING SPOT ZONING Spot zoning has been defined as . .awarding a use classification to an isolated parcel of land which is detrimental or incompatible with the uses of the surrounding area particularly when such an act favors a particular owner.3b Most cases of spot zoning are simply improper and illegal. These cases usually arise as a result of arbitrary and capricious decisions made by the zoning commission and the city council. Spot zoning is held in general disrepute by courts of law, as the following case law citations indicate. 36 Application of General Zoning Law Four general tests have been used by courts to determine whether 5 - 37 �� 1Jp � ' or not a given case constitutes spot zoning. 1. Is the rezoning in accordance with a comprehensive city plan? When examining allegations of spot zoning, almost every court will make an initial determination of the compatibility between the uses permitted under the rezoning classification and the provisions of the city's comprehensive plan with regard to the property in question. Where the two are incompatible, a court will generally find that spot zoning has occurred. "Spot zoning is the very antithesis of planned zoning. If, therefore, an ordinance is inacted in accordance with a com- prehensive zoning plan, it is not spot zoning. " Zaehring v. Township of Long Beach, 151 A2d 425 (1959 New Jersey) . 2. Is the rezoning inharmonious with the surrounding land uses? Spot zoning is most frequently cited when the proposed rezoning is ob- viously out of context with the surrounding area. Courts will normal- ly gauge such rezoning against the policies contained in the city' s comprehensive plan. "Spot zoning will be found and the rezoning will be nullified when a) the plan calls for a land use other than that for which the property has been rezoned, and b) the use for which the property was rezoned is disharmonious with the surround- ing area. " Waterstradt v. Board of Commissioners of City of Leavenworth, 454 P2d 445 (1969 Kansas) . 3. What is the size of the land parcel that has been rezoned? Most courts make a distinction between rezoning proposals for large tracts as opposed to small, individual lots. When the rezoning pro- posal involves only one small lot, and when the subsequent reclassi- fication is somewhat inharmonious with the surrounding land uses, many courts will find that spot zoning has occurred. Individual lot rezon- ing is often seen by a court as an arbitrary exercise leaning toward favoritism. "The court will almost always look at the rezoning in the context of the general police power purposes - protection of the public health, safety and general welfare. " Avler v. Sun Oil Company, 453 , SW2d 18 (1970 Kentucky) . 4. Intent: Is the rezoning based simply on bias or favoritism? The classic example of this situation involves the retired, "good of boy" who wants his single-family residential corner lot rezoned for general commercial uses. He is probably involved in a potentially lucrative arrangement with a major oil company. The arrangement is most often contingent upon the success of the rezoning application. .The applicant has lived in the community for years, is highly respect- ed by all, and both the zoning commission and the city council would like to "help him out. " "This example is a case of spot zoning per se. If contested, the courts will uniformly invalidate it. " Clark v. City of Boulder, 362 P2d 160 (1961 Colorado) . .f- 5 - 38 Gf